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Nor did this mean solely the local welfare of the papacy, the good order and peace of the Patrimony of Peter. Though not all are present in anyone narrative, there isn't any good purpose for doubting their general accuracy. But are they the stuff of fantasy? Kleinclausz (l'Empire Carolingien, and so forth., Paris, 1902, سعر الذهب في كندا 441 sqq.) denies the authenticity of the famous letter (871) of Emperor Louis II to the Greek Emperor Basil (in which the previous acknowledges totally the papal origin of his personal imperial dignity), and attributes it to Anastasius Bibliotheca in 879. His arguments are weak; the authenticity is admitted by Gregorovius and O. Harnack. Peter and Paul, the pope approached him, positioned upon his head the imperial crown, did him formal reverence after the historic method, saluted him as Emperor and Augustus and anointed him, while the Romans present burst out with the acclamation, thrice repeated: "To Carolus Augustus crowned by God, mighty and pacific emperor, be life and victory" (Carolo, سعر الذهب اليوم piisimo Augusto a Deo coronato, magno et pacificio Imperatori, vita et victoria). Despite the earlier goodwill and assist of the papacy, سعر الذهب اليوم في كندا the Emperor of Constantinople, authentic heir of the imperial title (he nonetheless known as himself Roman Emperor, and his capital was officially New Rome) had lengthy proved incapable of preserving his authority in the Italian peninsula.

However, the occasion of Christmas Day, 800, was long resented at Constantinople, the place finally the successor of Charles was occasionally known as "Emperor", or "Emperor of the Franks", however never "Roman Emperor". However, there seems no reason to doubt that for some time previous the elevation of Charles had been mentioned, both at dwelling and at Rome, particularly in view of two details: the scandalous condition of the imperial government at Constantinople, and the acknowledged grandeur and solidity of the Carolingian home. It may be famous right here that the chroniclers of the ninth century deal with as "restitution" to St. Peter the varied cessions and grants of cities and territory made at this period by the Carolingian rulers within the bounds of the Patrimony of Peter. Suffice it to add right here that while the imperial consecration made him in principle, what he was already in actual fact, the principal ruler of the West, and impropriated, because it have been, within the Carolingian line the majesty of ancient Rome, it additionally lifted Charles directly to the dignity of supreme temporal protector of Western Christendom and particularly of its head, the Roman Church.

Baluze, I, 247, 341, 345); additionally that after the ceremony he made very rich gifts to the Basilica of St. Peter, and that on the identical day the pope anointed (as King of the Franks) the younger Charles, son of the emperor and at the moment most likely destined to succeed in the imperial dignity. Leo was sent back to Rome escorted by royal missi; the insurgents, completely frightened and unable to convince Charles of the pope's iniquity, surrendered, and the missi despatched Paschalis and Campulus, nephews of Adrian I and ringleaders against Pope Leo, to the king, to be dealt with at the royal pleasure. Charles, it's true, after his imperial consecration exercised practically at Rome his authority as Patricius, or protector of the Roman Church. This (the Duchy of Rome and the Exarchate) he considerably omitted from the partition of the Frankish State made on the Diet of Thionville, in 806. It's to be famous that on this public division of his property he made no provision for the imperial title, additionally that he committed to all three sons "the defence and safety of the Roman Church".

In any case, for the reason that Donation of Pepin (752) the pope was formally sovereign of the duchy of Rome and the Exarchate; therefore, apart from its effect on his shadowy claim to the sovereignty of all Italy, the Byzantine ruler had nothing to lose by the elevation of Charles. This decision produced a domino impact. In actuality this Roman patriciate, both below Pepin and Charles, was no more than a high protectorship of the civil sovereignty of the pope, whose local independence, each earlier than and after the coronation of Charles, is traditionally certain, even apart from the aforesaid imperial charters. It is certain that Charles continually attributed his imperial dignity to an act of God, made known after all by means of the company of the Vicar of Christ (divino nutu coronatus, a Deo coronatus, in "Capitularia", ed. Charles obtained the Vicar of Christ with all due reverence. Long earlier than this occasion Pope Adrian I had conferred (774) on Charles his father's dignity of Patricius Romanus, which implied primarily the protection of the Roman Church in all its rights and privileges, above all within the temporal authority which it had step by step acquired (notably in the former Byzantine Duchy of Rome and the Exarchate of Ravenna) by simply titles in the course of the 2 previous centuries.

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